The Apocryphal Suicide of Saig Takamori: Samurai, Seppuku, and the Politics of Legend. Journal of Asian Studies 69.3 (2010): 691-721. After the Restoration the condition of things became less unsettled in Mito, and to some extent also in Choshiu. In the end, the dispute with Korea came to a head only in 1875 when a Japanese ship sailed to Korean shores, provoking artillery there into opening fire. This upbringing instilled a sense of dignity, frugality, and honor in young Saigo. The Meiji Era controlled most of Japan, except for a small area in the southwestern part of Japan, which was the Satsuma. The true story that inspired the 2003 Tom Cruise film The Last Samurai, the Satsuma Rebellion (seinan sens, or "Southwestern War" in Japanese) was an 1877 rebellion of disaffected ex-samurai from Satsuma domain against the newly constituted Meiji government of Japan.Led by an erstwhile member of the government's highest circle, the legendary samurai Saigo Takamori, the . 1794 by H.M. Brackenridge. In this,, The last and greatest revolt came in 1877 in Satsuma. Their artillery consisted of 28 5-pounders, two 16-pounders, and 30 mortars. Early on February 22, the Satsuma attack began. The Siege of Kumamoto Castle lasted until April 12, 1877. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. All, perhaps, over-estimated their share in the accomplishment of the Restoration. Multiple legends sprang up concerning Saig, many of which denied his death. After his retirement, however, Saigo simply wanted to play with his kids, hunt, and go fishing. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Soon 132 branches were established all over the prefecture. . Imperial forces landed with few losses, then pushed north seizing the city of Miyanohara on March 19. Saigo Takamori was born on January 23, 1828, in Kagoshima, Satsuma's capital, the oldest of seven children. Today, building on this tradition, Sophia has developed Kumamoto castle, built in 1598, was among the strongest in Japan, but Saig was confident that his forces would be more than a match for Tani's peasant conscripts, who were still demoralized by the recent Shinpren rebellion. . After months of fighting the Satsuma forces had dwindled to approx 400 . The Satsuma Rebellion: An Episode of Modern Japanese History ; with Maps. Forty-six other military officers from the southwest resigned as well, and government officials feared that Saigo would lead a coup. In this rebellion, Saigo Takamori, one of the veteran statesmen of the Restoration, who enjoyed a wide popularity and was well versed in military tactics, acted as the head of the insurrection. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The Battle of Shiroyama ( Shiroyama no tatakai) took place on 24 September 1877, in Kagoshima, Japan. Satsuma rebeliion.svg 703 965; 1.09 MB. The influential Satsuma samurai, Saigo Takamori, was away at the time and had no knowledge of these events, but hurried home when he heard the news. A battalion was 672 men strong and was organized as per the line battalions. Rebellions by the samurai, which had broken out sporadically since 1868 (Meiji 1), including the 1869-70 conflict between irregular military units and upper rank samurai commanders in the Choshu domain, gained steam with the collapse of the "conquer Korea debate". In Kagoshima prefecture (formerly Satsuma domain), the samurai of the 'private-school faction' (referring to graduates of the private school set up by SAIGO Takamori and his disciples), organized by KIRINO Toshiaki, et al., joined forces with the Prefectural Governor OYAMA Tsunayoshi to advance their own policies. Historian Ivan Morris described him as "the quintessential hero of modern Japanese history". Just four days after his return, he had an audience with the daimyo, Hisamitsu, who shocked him by appointing him commander of the Satsuma army in Kyoto. when did the meiji restoration enddoes keegan allen have a child 26th February 2023 / in west warwick viewpoint / by / in west warwick viewpoint / by There were many causes of the Indian Rebellion. Saig's rebellion was the last and most serious of a series of armed uprisings against the new government of the Empire of Japan, the predecessor state to modern Japan. Rejecting large numbers of volunteers, he made no attempt to contact any of the other domains for support, and no troops were left at Kagoshima to secure his base against an attack. A gripping graphic novel describing the uprising of 1887, when. Paperback, 1 edition, Wiley, February 7, 2005. 7. Kyushu, Kysh region, Japan. Founded by a saint named "Birbhan" in 1657 in Narnaul in Haryana. [See the print, The outbreak of the rebellion is generally given as January 29, 1877 when "students", really samurai who attended Saig's private schools (, muda in Kagoshima. Saig resigned from all of his government positions in protest and returned to his hometown of Kagoshima. Feb. 15, 2023. Complete Chronicle of the Subjugation of Kagoshima: Illustration of Government Forces Attacking Miyazaki, Illustration of the Rebels Being Suppressed at Kagoshima, October 4, 1877. Brilliant Essays. The Satsuma advance guard, 4,000 strong, set out on February 15, marching north. Imperial forces fell back, and Acting Major Nogi Maresuke of the Kokura Fourteenth Regiment lost the regimental colors in fierce fighting. Saig was defeated and killed at the . It turned out the be the latterthe emperor's government in Tokyo wanted a new, centralized system, not just a collection of more efficient, self-governing domains. While the year 1868 was crucial to the fall of the shogunate and the establishment of a new government . Sources of the Meiji Restoration. On February 13 and 14, the Satsuma domain's army of 12,900 organized itself into units. Author: Mounsey, Augustus Henry. 8 Practical Tips to Maximize Efficiency in Real Estate Investing Financially, crushing the Satsuma Rebellion cost the government a total of 420,000,000 (8,400,000),[5] forcing Japan off the gold standard and causing the government to print paper currency. Although Nakahara later repudiated the confession, it was widely believed in Satsuma and was used as justification by the disaffected samurai that a rebellion was necessary in order to "protect Saig". The few surviving samurai launched a suicide charge into the teeth of the imperial army's Gatling guns, and were shot down. Battle of Tabaruzaka: Imperial troops on the left, rebel samurai troops on the right, Saigo's army clashes with the government's forces. Artillery consisted of over 100 pieces, including 5.28 pound mountain guns, Krupp field guns of various calibers, and mortars. The Linked Data Service provides access to commonly found standards and vocabularies promulgated by the Library of Congress. Szczepanski, Kallie. On February 22, the main Satsuma army arrived and attacked Kumamoto castle in a pincer movement. With these deaths, the Satsuma rebellion came to an end. https://www.thoughtco.com/the-satsuma-rebellion-195570 (accessed March 1, 2023). This influential clan was headed by the Shimazu family, which had been founded by Shimazu Tadahisa, son of Minamoto Yoritomo, in the Kamakura period. ThoughtCo, Sep. 2, 2021, thoughtco.com/figures-and-events-in-asian-history-s2-3896549. As none of the eyewitness accounts mention a wound to the abdomen, or any fresh sword wound at all, it is unknown if Saig pierced his stomach with his sword. Japan. On the third day of battle, the artillery division from Tsu domain defected to Saigo's side and began to shell the shogun's army instead. [11], Modern weapons that were used by the Imperial Army include the Smith and Wesson Model 3, Colt 1851 Navy Revolver, Winchester Model 1873, Enfield Pattern 1853, Mauser Model 1871, as well as the Gatling and Armstrong guns. The survivors were out of ammunition, so had to rely on their swords. [6] In debate, some scholars have suggested that neither is the case and that Saig may have gone into shock following his wound, losing his ability to speak. When the offensive was resumed, Saigo retreated to Miyazaki, leaving behind numerous pockets of samurai in the hills to conduct guerilla attacks. All three accounts report that the body was decapitated. He was one of the most influential samurai in Japanese history and one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration. In the hostilities which followed he took no part, being content to show his disapproval of the new regime by withdrawing into a retirement from which he never again emerged. The Satsuma Rebellion of 1877: Letters of John Capen Hubbard E. Nock Published 1 August 1948 History The Far Eastern Quarterly One of the most noteworthy incidents in the history of Japan's transition from a feudal regime to a modern state was the Satsuma Rebellion in 1877. Main article: Satsuma Rebellion Portrait of Saig Takamori, faithful depiction by the acquaintance Tokonami Masayoshi in 1887 Saig preparing for war Shortly thereafter, a private military academy known as the Shi-gakk was established in Kagoshima for the faithful samurai who had also resigned their posts to follow him from Tokyo. The Satsuma Rebellion - Free ebook download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read book online for free. In the meantime, on March 9 Saig, Kirino, and Shinohara were stripped of their court ranks and titles.[3]. He initiated a military advance the following month, on February 15, intending to march on Tokyo, because of "questions I intend to press on the government." Since the OP might be interested, here are the pages from the above reading on the Satsuma Rebellion and its aftermath. Updates? Satsuma's governor, Oyama Tsunayoshi, explained that the uprising was in response to the government's assassination attempt on Saig, and asked that Admiral Kawamura (Saig's cousin) come ashore to help calm the situation. The Satsuma Rebellion: An Episode of Modern Japanese History ; With Maps. History of the Western Insurrection in Western Pennsylvania, Commonly Called the Whiskey Insurrection. They resisted the Imperial forces until they were destroyed to the last man. Officially, the Meiji Emperor's government had authority over those facilities after 1871, but Satsuma officials actually retained control of them. Warbox|conflict=Satsuma Rebellion caption= Saig Takamori (seated, in Western uniform), surrounded by his officers, in traditional attire. In all, about 12,000 Satsuma men marched north toward Tokyo, starting the Southwest War, or Satsuma Rebellion. Later this would turn out to be a pivotal decision since Choshu was Satsuma's major ally in the Boshin War. After the Boshin War, Saigo retired to hunt, fish, and soak in hot springs. Each battalion consisted of four companies. At one point, he offered to visit Korea in person and to provoke a casus belli by behaving in such an insulting manner that the Koreans would be forced to kill him. Add to Wish List Link to this Book Add to Bookbag Sell this Book Buy it at Amazon Compare Prices. The cavalry regiment consisted of 150 men. The Satsuma Rebellion (February 1877 - September 1877) and Its Woodblock Prints In riding through the streets one notices the crowds in front of the picture shops, which are bright in color from the war prints. 1868-1912 -- Sources. As the siege wore on, the rebels ran low on munitions, prompting them to switch back to their swords. After his failure to take Kumamoto, Saig led his followers on a seven-day march to Hitoyoshi. shizoku rebellion. The line infantry was divided into 14 regiments of three battalions each. Each man was armed with a small firearmeither a rifle, a carbine, or a pistolas well as 100 rounds of ammunition and, of course, his katana. Originally, they were a militant sect of Hindu Worshippers. Though in Satsuma the rivalry of individual leaders had stopped short of open hostilities, the division of feeling was not less marked. Public apprehension found free expression in the Press, which said that the nation was divided into two parties, one being for the Government, the other for Satsuma, and asked what could be done to preserve peace. This fighter's primary weapon is a percussion rifle, and the only other 'modern' element of his D: THE SATSUMA REBELLION, 1877 appearance is a white crossbelt supporting a cap pouch on D1: Highranking samurai, rebel army his chest and a cartridge pouch behind his right hip. Ravina, Mark. The Shigakko students set out with him, bringing rifles, pistols, swords, and artillery. In April of 1871, Saigo was persuaded to return to Tokyo to organize the new national army. The samurai didn't hesitate to answer this questio. [citation needed], In English, the most common name for the war is the "Satsuma Rebellion". 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