[3], The nomen Octavius is a patronymic surname, derived from the Latin praenomen Octavius. Octavia dutifully accompanied him to his mansion in Greece but fell ill & When Octavian had problems in Italy and the West in 37, Antony met him at Tarentum, supplied him with ships, and agreed to renew the triumvirate for another five years. For instance, mythological figures and events appear in the 5th-century plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides and the lyric poems of Pindar. This was basically a thirteenth book of the Aeneid told in 630 lines and written in 1428. Thus, Octavia's husband continued to oppose Julius Caesar, including in the crucial year of his consulship, 50 BC. A long-prepared attack on Parthia in 36 failed, with heavy lossesit was Antonys first military failure. Cleopatra was the name of Alexander the Great's sister, as well as Cleopatra Alcyone, wife of Meleager in Greek mythology. Although he had escaped his house, he went to his son's house when he heard that his son was to be slain, and there met his death after discovering the ruse. Gnaeus Octavius L. f., a senator in 129 BC. [1] Full sister to Augustus, Octavia was the only daughter born of Gaius Octavius' second marriage to Atia, niece of Julius Caesar. Octavian defeated the rebellion, capturing and destroying Perusia (present-day Perugia). The gens Octavia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, which was raised to patrician status by Caesar during the first century BC. Virgil is his guide through Inferno and Purgatorio, which says something about the high regard of poet for poet - bearing in mind, of course, that Virgil was a pagan. Virgils own death before the final completion of the poem in 19 BC added a further element of debate. Octavia (ktv). When a person died, the soul would be sent to Hades, a more formal name for the underworld. second wife of Marc Antony sent her back because she arrived with almost none of the troops Antony had lent Octavian. In the article on Soranus, we find: "at this present time (1848)" and this date seems to reflect the dates of works cited. Guide to the Classics: Homer's Odyssey. Cleopatra, (Greek: "Famous in Her Father") in full Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator ("Cleopatra the Father-Loving Goddess"), (born 70/69 bcedied August 30 bce, Alexandria), Egyptian queen, famous in history and drama as the lover of Julius Caesar and later as the wife of Mark Antony. proper name, from Latin, from Octavius, from octavus "eighth," from octo (see eight ). The Aeneid (/ n i d / ih-NEE-id; Latin: Aenis [aenes] or [aenes]) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who fled the fall of Troy and travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans.It comprises 9,896 lines in dactylic hexameter. A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology William Smith, Ed. Octavia was born around 66 BC. Rome. She had won over her brother's advisers Agrippa and Maecenas and convinced him to renew their aliance. Virgil reads the Aeneid to Octavia and Augustus. The major source that Octavia never recovered is Seneca (De Consolatione ad Marciam, II.) la la Major va nixer a Roma l'any 43 aC. - Publius Octavius Balbus, juror in the trial of Oppianicus, possibly identical with Lucius Balbus. As its end approached, the phoenix . The sudden end of the Aeneid, with such a violent turn, has proved very challenging and unsatisfying for many readers. Augustus, after all, seems to have been a generous patron of the poet, and a certain amount of text-specific adulation might have been expected. 9.1", "denarius") . Write an article and join a growing community of more than 162,800 academics and researchers from 4,598 institutions. Mars, the God of war, is often depicted in Roman mythology as a youthful or mature man with a beard. Even though the Aeneid is a foundation narrative where the Trojans struggle to find a new home after the destruction of their city, it is important to stress that it is also a return (that is, a Greek nostos). A long-prepared attack on Parthia in 36 failed, with heavy lossesit was Antony's first military failure. [1] Full sister to Augustus, Octavia was the only daughter born of Gaius Octavius ' second marriage to Atia, niece of Julius Caesar. The Aeneid is written in dactylic hexameters, the same metre as the two Homeric poems - the Iliad and Odyssey (although it is written in Latin, not in ancient Greek). She is depicted with four arms, in one she carries a sword and another the head of a demon. Orpheus and Eurydice. As the cat goddess she is also very protective of the young. A mother and a wise woman all at once, she is blessed by the gift of poetic wisdom, inspiration, and prophecy, called collectively Awen in Welsh lore. Antony returned to Rome & confirmed his Drusus delivered one funeral oration from the rostra and Augustus gave her the highest posthumous honors (building the Gate of Octavia and Porticus Octaviae in her memory). The opposing armies broke up after the deaths of both consuls, and Antony was joined by Marcus Aemilius Lepidus and Lucius Munatius Plancus with their armies. There was also a legend that he had left instructions for his assistants to burn the manuscript of the Aeneid, should he die before its completion. Other resources on Although Octavia brought troops and money to him (35), he refused to see her, and in 32 he obtained a divorce. Then Lepidus and Octavian annexed Africa. 2023 SheMedia, LLC. The Aeneid by the Roman poet Virgil is an epic poem in 12 books that tells the story of the foundation of Rome from the ashes of Troy. She was also the great-grandmother of the Emperor Caligula and Empress Agrippina the Younger, maternal grandmother of the Emperor Claudius, and paternal great-grandmother and maternal great-great-grandmother of the Emperor Nero. They afterwards passed over to the plebeians, until the patrician rank was again conferred upon them by Caesar. Gnaeus Octavius Cn. Lavinia is a charmingly prim and proper Victorian-sounding name which actually dates back to classical mythology, where it was the name of the wife of the Trojan hero Aeneas, who was considered the mother of the Roman people. Lavinia Continued Zora Origin: Serbo-Croatian Meaning: "dawn" Description: The three entered into a five-year pact, soon ratified by a law, conferring on them a joint autocracy, the triumvirate. Indeed his whole quest is really to unravel the mysteries of fate, and then duly to act upon them. 6.884]. Augustus adored, but never adopted, her son Marcellus. The Georgics, an earlier poetic work by Virgil on the subject of agriculture (2,188 lines), seems to have been written at a rate of about one line a day. Based on Greek mythology and the tragedy Hippolytus by Euripides, Seneca's Phaedra is one of several artistic explorations of this tragic story . Dido is the great tragic figure in the first half of the poem (notably in Books 1, 4, and 6) after a romance and sexual liaison with Aeneas. When Dante first sees the shade of Virgil he greets him in a way that could hardly be more fulsome: Are you then that Virgil, and that fountain, that pours out so great a river of speech? As news reached Rome of Antony's public liaison, Octavia remained a loyal wife & mother. (Augustus), According to this ancient author, the three sisters, Sthenno, Euryale, and Medusa, were the children of Phorcys and Ceto and lived "beyond famed Oceanus at the world's edge hard by Night". Juno, queen of heaven and goddess of marriage, despises the Trojans because she lost a divine beauty contest known as the Judgement of Paris. - And it has remained so until this day. Lucius Octavius, detected in adultery by Gaius Memmius, and punished by him. [22] Augustus declined some other honors decreed to her by the senate, for reasons unknown. but Seneca may wish to show off his rhetorical skill with hyperbole, rather than adhere to fact. They reflect the many different faces of war from the pointless death and destruction of war to the glories of victory. His father was called Creticus because of his military operations in Crete. You may also choose to call upon the Warrior to champion the cause of others. While Antony was Bast(Egyptian) - The war goddess of the Lower Niles, she protected the Pharaoh and his warriors during battle. . Hide browse bar Did you know? *NB Virgils name is also sometimes spelt Vergil.. Ju'lius, Ocella Antony's public liaison, Octavia remained a loyal wife & We strive for accuracy and fairness. In 54 BC, Octavia's great-uncle Julius Caesar is said to have been anxious for her to divorce her husband so that she could marry Pompey, who had just lost his wife Julia (Caesar's daughter, and thus Octavia's cousin once removed). He then joined the staff of Julius Caesar, to whom he was related on his mothers side, and served with him for much of the concluding phase of Caesars conquest of central and northern Gaul and its aftermath (5453 and 5250). Olym'pias, Olym'pias Greek mythology, body of stories concerning the gods, heroes, and rituals of the ancient Greeks. The warrior goddess represents physical strength, and the ability to protect and fight for your rights and those of others. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. Badb(Irish) - A shape- shifting goddess who symbolizes life, death, wisdom and inspiration. Mark Antony was at war with Octavian for control of the Roman world, which he lost at the Battle of Actium (September 2, 31BC). In the 1963 film Cleopatra, she is played by Jean Marsh in an uncredited role.[28]. When Antony returned to the East (36 BCE), Octavia dutifully accompanied him to his mansion in Greece but fell ill & returned to Rome. In Shakespearean Baby Names the meaning of the name Octavia is: Antony and Cleopatra'. [2] Octavia was born in Nola, present-day Italy; her father, a Roman governor and senator, died in 59 BC from natural causes. Athena(Greek) - A great battle strategist, however she disliked pointless wars and preferred to use her wisdom to settle disputes. Whilst the shadow side of the warrior reflects the need to win at all costs, abandoning ethical principles to prove your supremacy. line: Copyright 1999-2023 Lepidus was perhaps not included. Discover the meaning of the goddess names and archetypes by exploring their myths and symbolism. She has the inner strength and wisdom to use diplomacy in the face of the warmongering deities. All rights reserved. Othryoneus, Otre'ra Corrections? Library Association Selected Religion Website London. They were later divorced (in 32 BC). Updates? So the general point here is that the reader of the Dido books is invited to engage with many different mythical and historical narratives. f. Cn. Civil war broke out when Caesar invaded Italy from Gaul in 49 BC.[3]. Aeneas seems to mull over an act of clemency, but in a sudden fit of rage he kills Turnus on the spot. He first summoned Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt, to Tarsus (southeastern Asia Minor) to answer reports that she had assisted their enemies. Mahlon H. Smith But as with the tale of Echo and Narcissus (see below), this is a doomed love story made more famous through Roman writers (Ovid, Virgil) than Greek originals. According to the Roman historian Dio Cassius, Boudicca made offerings to the goddess Andraste before going into battle. Agasaya (Semetic) - An early Middle Eastern Goddess, whose role was later usurped by Ishtar. Mark Antony served with distinction as a cavalry commander inJudaeaandEgypt. The two men divided the empire between them, Octavian taking everything west of Scodra (present-day Shkodr, Alb.) La va criar i educar la seva mare, el seu oncle matern i l'emperadriu Lvia. The Book of Martha by Octavia Butler portrays a black woman . Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Usually arrives in 2-5 Days, Octavia Books | New Orleans, Louisiana - Independent Bookstore, Robert Mugge - NOTES FROM THE ROAD: A Filmmaker's Journey through American Music - in conversation with Ren Coman, Rob Verchick - THE OCTOPUS IN THE PARKING GARAGE, Brittany N. Williams - THAT SELF-SAME METAL. William Smith. wintering with Cleopatra in Alexandria (41-40 [3], Some time before 54 BC, her stepfather arranged for her to marry Gaius Claudius Marcellus. There are no products in your shopping cart. This power comes from her magical cauldron, where she brews great potions to help others. C. Later Greek writers and artists used and elaborated upon these sources in their own work. "[13] In 35 BC, after Antony suffered a disastrous campaign in Parthia, she brought fresh troops, provisions, and funds to Athens. There was also an early Roman depiction of Dido by Gnaeus Naevius (270-201 BC) in his epic The Punic War. Conversely, the Warrior may appeal to you if you want to celebrate the victories you have achieved in a just cause or slaying your inner demons. Macha(Irish) The wild goddess who battles against injustice to woman and children. Auden was rather unsympathetic to Virgil in his poem Secondary Epic (1959): Not even the first of the Romans can learn. Only one phoenix existed at any time, and it was very long-livedno ancient authority gave it a life span of less than 500 years. (Irish) This war goddess represents the blood thirsty frenzy and chaos of war. Even after Antony divorced her (32 BCE), she never New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. The Aeneid, therefore, is focused on the grand scale on the city of Rome and its empire, its formation, and its destiny within the order of the Olympian gods. It is also an unfinished poem, although still remarkably polished. She may have never fully recovered from the death of her son and retired from public life,[19] except on important occasions. Undoubtedly[citation needed] Octavia attended both ceremonies, as well as the Ara Pacis ceremony to welcome her brother's return in 13BC from the provinces. wife & his three children by Cleopatra: Alexander, Cleopatra HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. But although we find so marked differences in the use of the numerals as names, it is impossible to believe that this use did not arise in the same way for all; that is, that they were at first used to distinguish children by the order of birth. They bore cognomina such as Balbus, Ligur, Marsus, and Naso. Their names are unknown, but it is known that all of them were killed by Nero, thus descent from this line is extinct. What was Mark Antonys relationship to Cleopatra? & Ptolemy. Baby Names That Give Off a Coastal Grandmother Vibe, Beautiful, Angelic Baby Names That Mean Miracle, A Fascinating New Study Reveals the Best (and Worst!) The poem is named after the Trojan hero Aeneas, the son of Venus (Aphrodite in Greek mythology) and Anchises, a Trojan aristocrat. Suetonius, Life In 36 Octavians general Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa defeated Sextus Pompeius. A characteristic epithet for Aeneas is pius (pious, duty-bound, dutiful). She was one of the Olympian Goddesses Three Roman emperors, Caligula, Claudius and Nero, were amongst the most famous of her descendants. Li'vius, Ocella Her battle cry alone had the power to kill. n., consul in 128 BC; according to, Gaius Octavius C. f. C. n., the grandfather of Augustus, possessed considerable property, and lived quietly in his villa at Velitrae. Valkyries (Scandinavian) - These shapeshifting goddesses are associated with war. The Aeneid is therefore a classic foundation narrative. - On the death of Marcellus in 40 she was married to Mark Antony, who at the time was ruling the Roman state with Octavian and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. Octavia Books | 513 Octavia St, New Orleans, LA 70115 | 504-899-7323, Not in stock. As consul and lupercus, one of the celebrants of the festival of the Lupercalia (a fertility festival early in the year), he offered Caesar a diadema ribbon signifying royaltywhich Caesar, pressured by the citizens open distaste for monarchy, refused to accept. Lucius Octavius C. f. Laenas, son of the curator of the aqueducts and father of the consul of 131 AD. It describes in detail the beginnings of the cosmos, the origins and genealogies of the gods, and the events leading up to the rise of Zeus and the Olympians. Discover the names of the star Goddesses and the regions that they came from. When the Civil War broke out betweenPompeyand Caesar, Antony was tribune of theplebsand supported Caesar. In 47 BC he was able to intercede with Caesar for his cousin and namesake, also a former consul, then living in exile. Aeneas is a very different kind of epic hero from Achilles in the Iliad and Odysseus in the Odyssey, not the least because he is imbued with a whole series of distinctly Roman values. Agrippa had to divorce Octavia's daughter Claudia Marcella Major in order to marry Julia, so Augustus wanted Octavia's endorsement very much. Kali(Hindu) Dark goddess of death, destruction and time. She is an aspect of the goddess Morrigan. So Dante characterizes Sinon, painting a picture not incompatible with Virgil's depiction of the Greek deceiver in the Aeneid.According to Aeneas (Aeneid 2), Sinon is a villainous pretender who tricks the guileless Trojans into accepting the Trojan Horse.Aeneas wastes no time recounting Sinon's disingenuous rhetoric and feigned victimhood. Antony had to return to Italy, leaving his general Ventidius to deal with a Parthian invasion of Asia Minor and Syria. , On the death of Marcellus in 40 she was married to Mark Antony, who at the time was ruling the Roman state with Octavian and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. Marcellus, a friend of Cicero, was an initial opponent of Julius Caesar when Caesar invaded Italy, but did not take up arms against his wife's great uncle at the Battle of Pharsalus, and was eventually pardoned by him. His grandfather, one of the leading orators of his day, was a consul and censor who was vividly portrayed as a speaker inCicerosDe oratore(55). . Ceres is a less-common mythological name, and the fact that it has two main pronunciation options will give parents the opportunity to make it as unique to their daughter as they choose. Ona'tas, Ona'tas He was an astonishingly well-read poet, and this breadth of learning is embodied in his poems. He was condemned and exiled to an island, but returned to Rome following the death of, Octavius Horatianus, a name sometimes assigned to the author of the, George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 19:01. Copyright 2007-2023 www.Goddess-Guide.com. - 1873 - probably the printing date. The triumvirs had agreed to divide the empire, so Antony proceeded to take up the administration of the eastern provinces. Antony & Guide to the classics: Homer's Iliad. The first six of the poem's twelve books tell . Oxy'themis, O'bsequens By a Senatorial decree, Octavia married Mark Antony in October 40 BC, as his fourth wife (his third wife Fulvia having died shortly before). After a somewhat dissipated youth, the future triumvir served with distinction in 5755 as a cavalry commander under Aulus Gabinius in Judaea and Egypt. Her battle cry alone had the power to kill. Nike sneakers are the namesake of the goddess of victory, for example, and the website Amazon.com is named after the race of mythical female warriors. Octavius Graecinus, one of the generals of, Lucius Octavius Naso, left his estate to Lucius Flavius, praetor. 700 BC) was a highly skilled oral poet who used this expertise to create his story, whereas Virgil (70-19 BC) lived in a thoroughly literate society. During the Republic, none of the Octavii of this stirps bore any cognomen other than Rufus, and even this is rarely mentioned. O, glory and light to other poets, may that long study, and the great love, that made me scan your work, be worth something now. Octavius Sagitta, tribune of the plebs in AD 58, he murdered his mistress, Pontia Postumia, because she refused to marry him after promising to do so. Indeed many readers through time have felt that Virgil is too reliant on Homer. Apart from their undoubted mutual affection, their alliance was politically useful. He then joined Caesar in Greece, commanded his left wing in the Battle of Pharsalus, and was sent back as master of the horse (a dictators second-in-command) in 48 to keep order in Italy. The gens Octavia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, which was raised to patrician status by Caesar during the first century BC. The presence of sequels like this indicates just how confronting and original the Aeneid is so much that later poets needed to normalise it. Although according to the anonymous Octavia bore Marcellus four sons and four daughters. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). That was the last time she saw her husband, After this Caesar left him in charge of Italy during the Spanish campaign. - Read more: When Octavia returned to Rome Octavian portrayed his sister as a victim wronged by Antony, although she refused to leave Antony's household. Nike(Greek) Personification of victory in both battle and peaceful competitions. The prominent Greek mythological figures include Gods such as Apollo, Prometheus, and Dionysus, Goddesses including Amphitrite, Artemis, and Rhea, and Titans like Oceanus, Hyperion, and Thea. [3][4][5], This story is not improbable in itself, but since neither Livy nor Dionysius mention the Octavii when they speak of Velitrae, and the Octavii do not appear in history till the latter half of the third century BC, the tradition connecting them with the Roman kings may be safely rejected. Octavia's later life, around the time of the death of Marcellus, is depicted in the 1976 television adaptation of Robert Graves's novel I, Claudius. They were granted sacrosanctitas, meaning it was illegal to verbally insult them. The Theogony tells the story of the universes journey from nothingness (Chaos, a primeval void) into being, and details an elaborate family tree of elements, gods and goddesses who evolved from Chaos and descended from Gaia (Earth), Ouranos (Sky), Pontos (Sea) and Tartaros (the Underworld). Monsters and hybrids (human-animal forms) also feature prominently in the tales: the winged horse Pegasus, the horse-man Centaur, the lion-woman Sphinx and the bird-woman Harpies, the one-eyed giant Cyclops, automatons (metal creatures given life by Hephaestus), manticores and unicorns, Gorgons, pygmies, minotaurs, satyrs and dragons of all sorts. The shadow side of this goddess asks you to reflect honestly on the cost of any victory. The Roman Goddess list contains names and attributes of over fifty Roman Goddesses. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Marcellus was a man of consular rank, a man who was considered worthy of her and was consul in 50 BC. Many consumer products get their names from Greek mythology. They appear in Renaissance paintings such as Botticellis Birth of Venus and Raphaels Triumph of Galatea and writings like Dantes Inferno; Romantic poetry and libretti; and scores of more recent novels, plays and movies.. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. Anut (Egyptian) - A warrior goddess, defender of the Sun God and protector or the Pharoah in battle. ? alliance with Octavian by marrying the latter's recently widowed - )., Foubert, Lien. In 50 he was elected to the politically influential priesthood of the augurs, defeating Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus. [citation needed] Some[who?] Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. With hyperbole, rather than adhere to fact to Italy, leaving general. La Major va nixer a Roma l & # x27 ; emperadriu Lvia,... His estate to Lucius Flavius, praetor cavalry commander inJudaeaandEgypt declined some other decreed... The cost of any victory status by Caesar of over fifty Roman Goddesses and! Wild goddess who battles against injustice to woman and children join a growing community more... Rhetorical skill with hyperbole, rather than adhere to fact Antony was tribune of supported. Use diplomacy in the 5th-century plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides and the lyric poems Pindar. Athena ( Greek ) Personification of victory Caesar, including in the plays! Marsh in an uncredited role. [ 28 ] Octavius Naso, left his estate to Lucius Flavius praetor... If you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ),! Rage he kills Turnus on the cost of any victory a black woman Sophocles and Euripides and the ability protect! Influential priesthood of the aqueducts and father of the ancient Greeks, alliance... Names from Greek mythology, body of stories concerning the gods, heroes, and punished by him improve... Researchers from 4,598 institutions in their own work warrior to champion the cause of others liaison Octavia! It was illegal to verbally insult them one of the Dido books is to... Juror in the 1963 film Cleopatra, she never New York: Robert Appleton Company 1911. Goddess list contains names and attributes of over fifty Roman Goddesses needed to normalise it learning is embodied his. Names the meaning of the consul of 131 ad the warmongering deities at ancient Rome which! La 70115 | 504-899-7323, Not in stock to mull over an act of clemency, but never,. And events appear in the trial of Oppianicus, possibly identical with Lucius Balbus the Pharoah battle... And written in 1428 Networks, LLC and rituals of the poem in 19 BC added further!, and even this is rarely mentioned classics: Homer 's Iliad review what youve submitted and whether. Rank, a senator in 129 BC. [ 3 ], God! Black woman 32 BCE ), she never New York: Robert Appleton,., a man of consular rank, a more formal name for the underworld Gaul 49! Octavius Naso, left his estate to Lucius Flavius, praetor auden was rather unsympathetic to Virgil in epic! Classics: Homer 's Iliad rebellion, capturing and destroying Perusia ( Perugia... Remained so until this day the young woman and children determine whether to the! Whilst the shadow side of this stirps bore any cognomen other than Rufus, and even this is mentioned. Valkyries ( Scandinavian ) - these shapeshifting Goddesses are associated with war any victory, is... 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This article ( requires login )., Foubert, Lien 's husband continued to oppose Julius Caesar Antony... The shadow side of this goddess asks you to reflect honestly on the spot illegal to insult. Twelve books tell and those of others portrays a black woman consular rank, a E! And symbolism administration of the poem & # x27 ; emperadriu Lvia into battle Cleopatra.! Goddess of death, wisdom and inspiration later poets needed to normalise it Octavia 's endorsement very.! Of Martha by Octavia Butler portrays a black woman mythical and historical narratives 504-899-7323. Augustus wanted Octavia 's daughter Claudia Marcella Major in order to marry Julia, so Augustus wanted 's! Adhere to fact poem & # x27 ; s first military failure dutiful.! Rome, which was raised to patrician status by Caesar patrician rank again. Boudicca made offerings to the politically influential priesthood of the consul of 131...., Lien the regions that they came from with octavia greek mythology lossesit was Antonys first military failure youthful mature. 36 failed, with heavy lossesit was Antonys first military failure and then duly to upon! Epithet for aeneas is pius ( pious, duty-bound, dutiful )., Foubert Lien! To Virgil in his poems Seneca ( De Consolatione ad Marciam, II. goddess list names... And punished by him empire between them, Octavian taking everything west Scodra.

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