As a result, the minister of health announced that door-to-door vaccination campaigns were being suspended. [16], There was no halt to the criminalisation of community members defending their territories and natural resources from dispossession and extractivism despite the pandemic. Guatemala has a population of over 15 million people, nearly half of whom self-identify as indigenous. Guatemala is formed by diverse ethnic groups, especially those of Mayan descent, and the State recognizes, promotes and respects their ways of life, customs, traditions, and ways of social organization.. And yet the pandemic also showed how resilient Indigenous people can be when faced with these situations, drawing on their knowledge of traditional medicine, good living, territorial governance and solidarity. On International Day of Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous organisations stressed the need to be included and participating in COVID-19 response strategies, asked to be consulted and demanded culturally-relevant approaches. The World Bank aims to promote indigenous peoples' development in a manner which ensures that the development process fosters full respect for the dignity, human rights, and uniqueness of indigenous peoples. Land was given to the original elite landowners, and indigenous rights were restricted. In August 2021, statisticians with the National Statistic Institute denounced what they considered to be attempts to manipulate the data of the price of market goods in establishing the basic cost of living, a key barometer for documenting poverty rates. Moreover, a 2018 investigation by the Guatemalan daily newspaper Prensa Libre showed that, in recent years, the largely Indigenous departments of San Marcos and Huehuetenango have registered more than 50 percent of all abandoned public works projects. Join us and make a difference. Until 1944, different dictators continued to rule Guatemala. Manuel Picahau gets his news from a local station. The ancient Maya developed an agriculture-based society that they supplemented with wild game and fish caught in rivers, lakes, and oceans. Thousands of Indigenous activists and small growers demonstrated in Guatemala on Sept. 15 against President Alejandro Giammattei's administration and the country's legacy of colonialism and. [5] Martinez, Francisco Mauricio. Any survivors were enslaved and forced to work on their stolen land. Despite the severity of this burden, little research has been carried out to explain why IPV presents such a major problem in Guatemala. Across the Navajo reservation, these emergencies have motivated Din communities to step up and help their people as quickly as possible by distributing care packages to families; providing computers, laptops, free internet access, and food packages; or contributing . indigenous people accounted for more . Follow news related to the UN independent human rights experts on Twitter @UN_SPExperts. "Hii3oobeiseihii (True Voices)" is the last First Sundays event of the winter. Pueblos indgenas, los ms vulnerables ante el COVID-19. [Indigenous Peoples most vulnerable to COVID-19]. USAID also works with indigenous communities to develop community action plans that reduce conflict and strengthen social cohesion. MARTIN: Ratzan Pablo believes in the power of prayer but also of modern medicine. While poverty levels initially fell following the end of Guatemalas thirty-six-year internal armed conflict, since 2006 these levels have creeped higher, reaching 59.3 percent of the population in 2014. The Kich Indigenous organisation of the 48 Cantons of Totonicapn, the Xinca Peoples Parliament and the Indigenous Peoples of Solol led a further protest in the capital for the same reasons. Written on 24 April 2019. A lock () or https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. For example: the state invests USD0.4 per day in each Indigenous person and USD0.9 per day in each non-indigenous person;[1] poverty affects 75% of Indigenous people and 36% of non-indigenous people;[2] chronic malnutrition affects 58% of Indigenous people and 38% of non-indigenous people;[3] and, in terms of political participation, Indigenous individuals represent no more than 15% of parliamentarians and high-ranking public officials. A newly unsealed federal criminal indictment also describes how MS-13 gang leaders negotiated with El Salvador's top jailer, Osiris Luna Meza, who now oversees Nayib Bukele's new mega-prison. Guatemala is home to 24 principal ethnic groups. The genocide continues today. Guatemalas civil war began in 1960. The Indigenous population has suffered from the institutionalization of racial discrimination, exclusion, and violence from the State in various forms.. 4 out of 5 indigenous Guatemalans live in poverty and have limited access to healthcare, education, and other basic services. MARTIN: With little hope of things changing soon, many Maya prefer to use their traditional remedies to fight off the virus, says Maya priestess Dolores Ratzan Pablo. Injustice regarding the validity of ancestral knowledge has been one of the many racist practices established by the colony. Mayas speak more than 20 different dialects. One unfortunate loss was that of Mr. Reginaldo Chayax Huex, leader of the Maya Itz people in Petn department. Find The Indigenous World 2021 in full here, [1] Inversin en pueblos indgenas, segn el presupuesto ejecutado en 2015. [Investment in Indigenous Peoples, according to the 2015 budget implemented] Central American Institute for Fiscal Studies Guatemala, July 2017. https://www.icefi.org/sites/default/files/inversion_en_pueblos_indigenas_0.pdf, [2] Situacin de Derechos Humanos en Guatemala. [Human Rights situation in Guatemala] Guatemala, IACHR, 31 December 2020. http://www.oas.org/es/cidh/multimedia/2016/guatemala/guatemala.html, [3] Anlisis de situacin, nutricional de Guatemala. [Analysis of Guatemalas nutritional status] Ministry of Food Security and Nutrition. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site. Estamos viviendo entre escombros. [We are living in the ruins] Guatevisin, 10 January 2021. https://www.guatevision.com/nacionales/departamentos/estamos-viviendo-entre-escombros-a-mas-de-dos-meses-de-la-inundacion-en-campur-gobierno-aun-analiza-que-acciones-tomar, [17] Elas, Silvel. Bernardo's lawyers immediately filed an appeal following his conviction however the hearings have been cancelled or suspended on numerous occasions, including due the decision of 69 judges from the appeals chamber to refrain from hearing the case. They don't receive appropriate service in this specific situation, especially now. Unfortunately, these communities tend to be among the most underserved and suffer disproportionately along nearly every development indicator. Por Cesar Gomez (Maya Pocomam, CS Staff) On June 9-10, 2021, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights heard the historic case of Indigenous Maya Kaqchikel Peoples of Sumpango vs. Guatemala.This hearing comes after decades of activism by Indigenous community radio stations in Guatemala fighting for their freedom to exist and broadcast information in Indigenous languages to their . The Guatemalan government has done little to support Indigenous communities, and racism and discrimination continuea slow genocide that kills by neglect, often making migration the only option. In 2015, he organised peaceful opposition to the Oxec hydroelectric project, which the communities said endangered their sacred Cahabn River. In my understanding, the main problem is the lack of communication between the government and the communities. To understand why Guatemalas Mayan population continues to face poverty, racism and exclusion, we need to look at Guatemalas history, starting back at the Spanish conquest. [14] Economic support for the social groups that are most vulnerable to the pandemic came too little too late, despite Congress having approved specific funds for this purpose. What is Pionero Philanthropys Vetting Method? . Guatemala has a population of 14.9 million inhabitants, of which 6.5 million (43.75%) belong to one of the 22 Maya peoples (Achi', Akateco, Awakateco, Chalchiteco, Ch'orti', Chuj, Itza', Ixil, Jacalteco, Kaqchikel, K'iche', Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Poqomchi', Q'anjob'al, Q'eqchi', Sakapulteco, Sipakapense, Tektiteko, Tz'utujil and Uspanteko), or to the Garifuna, Xinca and Creole or Afrodescendant peoples. The majority of groundwater recharge areas are located within Indigenous territories, and the affected Indigenous Peoples do not receive any support from the state or from water users to protect the aquifers. This is how the Memorial de Solol, Anales de los Kaqchikeles [Memories of Solol, Annals of the Kaqchikel][4] relates the pandemic brought by the Europeans, which spread rapidly among the native population. Amidst pervasive racism, wealthy foreigners in Guatemala oversaw land thefts, decades of brutal dictatorships, coup dtats, and a thirty-six-year-long internal armed conflict (1960-1996) which killed 200,000 people, displaced one million, and left 45,000 people missing or disappeared. The structural inequalities that have plagued Guatemalas Indigenous communities have remained. One widely repudiated act was the murder of Domingo Choc, a Qeqch Indigenous healer from San Luis, Petn department. Engaging Indigenous People as meaningful partners in development enhances their ability to promote their rights, determine their own priorities, and advance their self-reliance. For NPR News, I'm Maria Martin in Santiago Atitlan, Guatemala. September 15 marks 200 years since the Central American countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica gained independence from Spain. Indigenous Peoples Engagement Strategy in Guatemala, Innovative Solutions for Agricultural Value Chains Project. One of the reasons for the lack of trust, according to Indigenous advocates, is that it took so long for information about COVID to reach these communities. False accusations, planted evidence, fraudulent use of bank accounts and the absence of translation services during the legal process are among the many recurring irregularities. If they want to die, bury them standing up. This is not the first time. President Giammattei has appointed three woman ministers to his cabinet. This growth however, also widened the gap between Guatemalas elite and poorer indigenous communities. To the epidemiological causes of this demographic debacle must be added the war and forced labour to which Indigenous people were subjected. In fact, human rights activists all over Guatemala, but mostly in the highlands, face danger and threats everyday. Some evangelical congregations, she says, direct people not to get vaccinated or wear masks. The Maya can be further divided into 24 groups: the Achi, Akateco, Awakateco, Chalchiteco, Chorti, Chuj, Itza, Ixil, Jacalteco, Kaqchikel, Kiche, Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Poqomchi, Qanjobal, Qeqchi, Sakapulteco, Sipakapense, Tektiteko, Tzutujil and Uspanteko. The site is secure. The pandemic has also made living conditions, particularly for the Indigenous population, more difficult due to the restrictions on movement and access to markets and sources of labour. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Posted in Guatemala. Although the indigenous in Guatemala are creating their own solutions, using traditional knowledge and practices to contain COVID-19, the Guatemalan government must treat its indigenous population equally and include those who have been historically excluded by implementing strategies and operations to prevent and contain COVID-19 as well as Indigenous people continue to lag behind Guatemalan society as a whole in terms of health, education, employment and income, a situation that is worse for Indigenous women. 4 out of 5 indigenous people live in poverty, and 21.8% of the indigenous . During this time, Guatemalas economy grew substantially primarily as a result of the export of coffee and bananas. La violencia epistmica contra los pueblos indgenas. [Epistemic violence against Indigenous Peoples] Debates Indgenas, 1 August 2020. https://debatesindigenas.org/ENG/ns/59-epistemic-violence.html, [18] La CIDH condena asesinatos y agresiones contra personas defensoras en Guatemala. [IACHR condemns murders and aggression against human rights defenders in Guatemala] OAS, 11 September 2020. http://www.oas.org/es/cidh/prensa/comunicados/2020/215.asp, [19]El guatemalteco Jos Cal fue nombrado relator de ONU para Pueblos Indgenas. [Guatemalan Jos Cal appointed UN rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples] El Peridico, 30 April 2020. https://elperiodico.com.gt/nacionales/2020/04/30/el-guatemalteco-jose-cali-fue-nombrado-relator-de-onu-para-pueblos-indigenas2/, [20] Herrera, Feliciana. An indigenous woman in Guatemala is more likely than all her fellow citizens to be sick, illiterate, poor and overwhelmed by too many unplanned children. Posted in Guatemala. All countries featured on our website can be found in the Indigenous World - IWGIA's global report on the rights of indigenous peoples. Nebaj: derechos de tierras ejidales es restituido al pueblo Ixil. [Nebaj: ejido land rights restored to the Ixil people] Prensa Comunitaria, 4 August 2020. https://www.prensacomunitaria.org/2020/08/nebaj-derecho-de-tierras-ejidales-es-restituido-al-pueblo-ixil/, [21] Tres comunidades vencieron a las municipalidades que intentaban usurpara sus tierras. [Three communities defeated municipalities trying to usurp their land] Nmada, 17 August 2020. https://nomada.gt/identidades/guatemala-rural/3-comunidades-vencieron-a-las-municipalidades-que-intentaban-usurpar-sus-tierras/, [22] Toro, David. Abelino Zacarias, who filed an injunction against the project, mysteriously disappeared. The State has always been absent, Alejandra Colom, an anthropology professor at the Guatemalan Del Valle University, tells The Progressive. [4] Memorial de Solol Anales de los Cakchiqueles. Direct translation from the original and notes by Adrin Recinos. USAID also provides professional development opportunities to the indigenous leaders with an emphasis on youth and women. "Dikos Nitsaag-19" or COVID-19 has threatened the lives of people of color and Indigenous communities at a higher rate. Two new DGMs were approved in 2021 for Guatemala and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), each for US$4.5 million. MARTIN: Which is another falsehood. This hydroelectric project was approved by the government, failing to comply with environmental laws and the Right of the Indigenous Peoples, a rule that says indigenous communities need to be consulted before any type of construction on their territory. IAPA highlighted a "strategy of criminalisation and . After Carreras death in 1865, his successor, General Vicente Cerna, continued conservative rule until 1871, when a liberal revolution defeated his army. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) emphasises that these events targeted people who were defending Indigenous Peoples rights. friends of george cardenas; how does kaleidoscope work; In fact, the government seems to silence human right defenders. Guatemala continues to suffer from a lack of reliable data on its indigenous peoples. ALEJANDRO GIAMMATTEI: (Through interpreter) If people don't want to get vaccinated, fine. The case sets a precedent worldwide since it is the first time a crime of sexual abuse during an armed conflict has gone under trial in the same country where it was committed. Because it is the only way for their families to survive.. Less than 10% of Guatemalas Congress members are indigenous, a relatively small percent considering the indigenous community makes up for almost half of the countrys inhabitants. Others try to flee the country to find economic and educational opportunities they simply cant obtain in Guatemala. The great majority receive these 200 years mired in poverty and uncertainty about the future in the face of the various crises that hurt Guatemala, Jonathan Menkos, the director of the Central American Institute of Fiscal Studies, tells The Progressive. All countries featured on our website can be found in the Indigenous World - IWGIA's global report on the rights of indigenous peoples. In the face of this adversity, the Colectivo Artesana promotes public policies that protect the human rights of Indigenous female prisoners. Voting was scheduled to start at 8:30 a.m. (0730 GMT) in Nigeria's presidential and parliamentary election, though Reuters reporters in several locations across the country saw polling stations. Diseases against which they have no immunity have been a recurrent feature of their history and, together with wars, exploitation of their labour and abuses in the form of the collection of taxes, have been the cause of the disappearance of numerous Indigenous communities.[5]. This is because structural racism lies at the root of the inequality and social exclusion, as well as of the violations of the fundamental rights, of Indigenous Peoples. People have been unable to travel in order to study, work, sell their products or purchase supplies for their various activities. MARTIN: Fifty-four-year-old Jose Santana says he finds it hard to trust anything coming from the Guatemalan government, especially from the president. For more information and media requests, please contact Mr. Jos Parra (jose.parra@ohchr.org) or Ms. Isabela Zaleski Mori (consultant.zaleskimori@ohchr.org). http://www.sesan.gob.gt/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Situacion-SAN-Guatemala-dia-1.pdf. This reflects the systematic way in which the production, preservation and transmission of native peoples wisdom is attacked in an attempt to impose other ways of knowing, thinking and believing. There were several peaceful demonstrations in November 2020 across the country protesting at the abuse of power, corruption, discrimination against Indigenous Peoples, and the lack of government attention to the pandemic, along with the alleged approval of an unrealistic budget for the country. First, they were sick with coughs, they suffered from nose bleeds and urinary infections. While the countries wouldnt form their current borders until the 1840s, the 1821 negotiated independence only benefited the children of the Spanish invaders, known as Criollos, who sought independence for their own interests. This in a country where Indigenous people comprise at least 40% of the population. She's been vaccinated and wears a mask, unlike many in Indigenous communities who remain suspicious of Western science. Background Health inequalities disproportionally affect indigenous people in Guatemala. Productores de verduras bloquean Los Encuentros a pesar del confinamiento por el coronavirus [Vegetable producers block Los Encuentros in spite of coronavirus lockdown] Prensa Libre, 15 May 2020. https://www.prensalibre.com/ciudades/solola/giammattei-responde-a-campesinos-que-bloquearon-los-encuentros-a-pesar-del-confinamiento-por-el-coronavirus-breaking/, [9] Indgenas cierran caminos en Guatemala para exigir la renuncia del presidente. [Indigenous peoples close roads in Guatemala to demand President's resignation] Infobae, 9 December 2020. https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2020/12/10/indigenas-cierran-caminos-en-guatemala-para-exigir-renuncia-del-presidente, [10] Vega, Juan Manuel. Guatemalas government does not take any measures to empower its indigenous community or ensure access to basic resources. Nearly 70 percent of the population of Guatemala is outside of the formal economy. In Guatemala, those most affected were the Q'eqch, Poqomch, Ixil, Mam and Chorti peoples. As a result, in May 1954, the U.S. government launched a plan to overthrow Arbenz, with the help of Nicaragua and Honduras. What remains to be understood from the perspective of migration is that in many places in Guatemala, it is not that the State has abandoned themit is that the State has never been. The then-leader of the country, Rafael Carrera, began to rule as a dictator, later declaring Guatemala a sovereign republic in 1847. RATZAN PABLO: Hibiscus, ginger, garlic, cinnamon and honey - they bring the fever down - yeah, and eucalyptus. Indigenous peoples are not important to them. Dozens of countries are backing an effort that would . While this recognizes the countrys indigenous communities and their rights, in reality, the government still fails to do this. More and more people do not even consider staying. We screened the full texts of 82 records for . In 1994, peace talks between the parties began and in 1996, under the government of lvaro Arz, a Peace Agreement was signed, officially ending the Civil War. Guatemala has a population of 14.9 million people, of which 6.5 million (43.75%) belong to the 22 Mayan (Achi, Akatec, Awakatec, Chalchitec, Chort, Chuj, Itz, Ixil, Jacaltec, Kaqchikel, Kiche, Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Poqomch, Qanjobal, Q'eqch, Sakapultec, Sipakapense, Tektitek, Tzutujil and Uspantek), one Garfuna, one Xinca and one Creole or Afro-descendant peoples. Anthropologist Irma Alicia Velasquez Nimantuj is a K'iche' Maya who teaches at the University of Oregon. If they want to die, bury them standing up give you the best experience on website... 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